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Learning Disabilities

Specific Learning Disorder (SLD) is a neurological condition that affects a child’s ability to acquire skills in specific academic areas, such as reading (dyslexia), writing (dysgraphia), and mathematics (dyscalculia). Symptoms vary depending on the area affected and may include difficulty recognizing words, spelling errors, challenges in math calculations, poor handwriting, and struggles with understanding or organizing information.

Relevant Screening & Assessment Webforms

Parents and teachers can access online fillable forms for screening and assessment, such as:

  • Learning Difficulty Screening Questionnaire: To evaluate concerns related to reading, writing, and math skills.
  • Teacher & Parent Questionnaires: To gather information from different settings (e.g., classroom and home) to provide a full picture of the child’s challenges and strengths.
  • Specific testing can be done by psychologists using WISC-V o WIAT testing

Blood or Laboratory Tests

SLD is primarily diagnosed through psycho-educational and developmental assessments. Blood tests or laboratory investigations are usually not required unless there are co-occurring medical conditions (e.g., hearing or vision impairments) contributing to the learning difficulties.

Management Options

  • Educational Interventions: Tailored support based on the child’s specific difficulties, such as reading programs for dyslexia, writing strategies for dysgraphia, or math interventions for dyscalculia. Support may be provided by special education teachers, speech therapists, and occupational therapists.
  • Speech and Language Therapy: For children with language-related learning difficulties, therapy can help develop receptive and expressive language skills.
  • Occupational Therapy (OT): For children with writing or fine motor challenges, OT can improve handwriting skills and coordination.
  • Psycho-educational Support: Cognitive strategies, study skills training, and self-regulation techniques to support academic achievement and emotional well-being.

Latest High-Tech Evidence-Based Treatment Options Worldwide

  • Assistive Technology Tools: Tools like text-to-speech software (e.g., Kurzweil 3000), speech-to-text programs (e.g., Dragon NaturallySpeaking), and graphic organizers (e.g., Kidspiration) support students with reading, writing, and organizational difficulties.
  • Online Tutoring & Learning Apps: Evidence-based programs (e.g., Nessy Reading & Spelling, Mathletics, Learning Ally) offer specialized and interactive learning support to address reading, math, and writing skills.
  • Digital Literacy Programs: Tools like Lexia Core5 Reading and Reading Eggs provide comprehensive, adaptive online reading instruction based on the child’s ability.
  • Neurofeedback & Cognitive Training Apps: Programs like Cogmed offer working memory training, which can be beneficial for children with learning difficulties impacting memory and attention.

Patient Education Resources in Australia

  • Raising Children Network: Offers resources for parents about learning difficulties, helping children with reading and writing, and providing practical strategies for support.
  • Learning Difficulties Australia (LDA): Provides information on learning disorders, access to resources, and lists of specialists and tutors across Australia.
  • Dyslexia Australia: Provides fact sheets, tips for parents and teachers, and access to support services for children with dyslexia and other learning difficulties.

Foundations & Volunteering Agencies in Australia

  • The Australian Dyslexia Association: Offers support, resources, and advocacy for children and families managing dyslexia.
  • The Smith Family Learning for Life: Provides educational programs, mentoring, and support for children with learning difficulties from disadvantaged backgrounds.
  • The SPELD Network (NSW, VIC, QLD, SA): State-based organizations offering assessment services, tutoring support, and resources for families dealing with specific learning disorders.

What to Expect from Telehealth Consultations

  • Initial Assessment: The clinician will conduct a detailed developmental and educational history-taking session. Screening tools may be provided to assess the child’s learning needs, behaviour, and emotional well-being.
  • Parent & Teacher Collaboration: Telehealth allows for easy coordination between the paediatrician, family, and educators to create an individualized intervention plan.
  • Therapy & Follow-Up: Regular follow-ups for therapy sessions (e.g., speech, occupational) can be conducted through telehealth. Clinicians will track the child’s progress, adjust interventions as needed, and provide ongoing support.
  • Educational Recommendations: Telehealth consultations may include support for school accommodations, classroom modifications, and guidance on assistive technology use for learning.

Funding Options in Australia

  • NDIS (National Disability Insurance Scheme): Eligible children with significant functional impairments can access funding for therapy, assistive technology, and educational support.
  • Medicare & Educational Support: Subsidies may be available through a Chronic Disease Management Plan or Better Access to Mental Health Care for therapy sessions and consultations.
  • State-Based Funding Programs: Programs like the Program for Students with Disabilities (PSD) in Victoria, and other state/territory equivalents, may provide additional school-based support.

By integrating thorough information gathering, validated assessment tools, personalized treatment plans, and innovative technologies, Smart Paediatrics ensures that children with anxiety receive comprehensive, effective, and tailored care to support their mental well-being.